Works Cited:

• Album image, 1908-1909, Box 14, Louise Stevens Bryant Papers 1885-1963, Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College.
• Album image, 1908-1909, Box 14, Louise Stevens Bryant Papers 1885-1963, Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College.
• Album image, 1908-1909, Box 14, Louise Stevens Bryant Papers 1885-1963, Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College.
• Album image, 1908-1909, Box 14, Louise Stevens Bryant Papers 1885-1963, Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College.
• Album image, 1908-1909, Box 14, Louise Stevens Bryant Papers 1885-1963, Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College.
• Album image, 1908-1909, Box 14, Louise Stevens Bryant Papers 1885-1963, Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College.
• Florence Cross Kitchelt journal entry excerpt, February 1902, Box 1, Folder 5, Florence Cross Kitchelt Papers 1900-1959, Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College.
• Florence Cross Kitchelt journal entry excerpt, 7 February 1902, Box 1, Folder 5, Florence Cross Kitchelt Papers 1900-1959, Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College.
• Image from Annual Report for the Maine Industrial School for Girls, 14 December 1898, Box 43, Folder 17, Education Collection, Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College.
• Introduction to folder, n.d., Box 2, Folder 12a, Crimes, Prisons, and Reform Schools Collection 1850-1977, Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College.
• Newspaper drawing of the State Industrial School for Girls at Lancaster, Massachusetts, 6 December 1856, Crimes, Prisons, and Reform Schools Collection, 1850-1977, Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College.
• Picture of Nellie Lewis, 1908a-1909, Box 14, Louise Stevens Bryant Papers 1885-1963, Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College.
• Picture of Rosy Izzy, 1908-1909, Box 14, Louise Stevens Bryant Papers 1885-1963, Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College.
• “RUNAWAY GIRLS CAUGHT”, 1908-1909, Box 14, Louise Stevens Bryant Papers 1885-1963, Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College.
• Sadie Ruben to Florence Cross Kitchelt, 16 June 1902, Box 2, Folder 8, Florence Cross Kitchelt Papers 1900-1959, Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College.
• Sadie Ruben to Florence Cross Kitchelt, 16 June 1902, Box 2, Folder 8, Florence Cross Kitchelt Papers 1900-1959, Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College.
• Sadie Ruben to Florence Cross Kitchelt, 4 August 1902, Box 2, Folder 8, Florence Cross Kitchelt Papers 1900-1959, Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College.
• Woodburry to Barrows, 19 July 1867, Box 2, Folder 12b, Crimes, Prisons, and Reform Schools Collection 1850-1977, Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College.

 

Bibliography

• Abrams, Laura S., and Laura Curran. “Wayward Girls and Virtuous Women: Social Workers and Female Juvenile Delinquency in the Progressive Era.” Affilia 15, no. 1 (2000): 49–64.
• Bowler, A. E., C. S. Leon, and T. G. Lilley. “‘What Shall We Do with the Young Prostitute? Reform Her or Neglect Her?’: Domestication as Reform at the New York State Reformatory for Women at Bedford, 1901-1913.” Journal of Social History 47, no. 2 (December 1, 2013): 458–81. https://doi.org/10.1093/jsh/sht080.
• Freedman, Estelle. Their Sisters’ Keepers: Women’s Prison Reform in America, 1830-1930. Women and Culture Series. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press, 1984. https://www.prearesourcecenter.org/sites/default/files/library/theirsisterskeeper.pdf.

• Pisciotta, Alexander W. Benevolent Repression: Social Control and the American Reformatory-Prison Movement. NYU Press, 1994. http://www.jstor.org.5colauthen.library.umass.edu/stable/j.ctt9qfx9t.
• Pisciotta, Alexander W. “Race, Sex, and Rehabilitation: A Study of Differential Treatment in the Juvenile Reformatory, 1825-1900.” Crime & Delinquency 29, no. 2 (April 1983): 254–69. https://doi.org/10.1177/001112878302900205.