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Biographies of Contributors

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ALICIA CABIEDES-FINK is a native of Ecuador who had taught secondary level Spanish at Hilton Central High School, Hilton, NY for twenty-four years.

ASTRID CABRAL is a leading poet and environmentalist from the Amazonian region of Brazil. She is the translator of Thoreau’s Walden into Portuguese. Recent collections of her poetry include The Anteroom, Gazing Through Water, Word in the Spotlight, Intimate Soot, and Cage (second expanded edition). Her poems have appeared in Pleiades, Runes, Sirena, Amazonian Literary Review, Bitter Oleander, Catamaran, Cincinnati Review, Confrontation, Dirty Goat, Evansville Review, Per Contra, Poetry East, Poets at Work, and Osiris. Her book Cage, Amazonian animal poems translated by Alexis Levitin, appeared from Host Publications in July, 2008.

TRISTAN CABRAL is a contemporary French poet. Since 1977 published seven volumes of poetry.

MEGHAN CAI is a translator and scholar of Tang and Song dynasty literature. She teaches Chinese language, literature, and culture at Grand Valley State University in Michigan. Her published translations include “The Tale of the Supernatural Marriage at Dongting” and “Memoir Number Thirty-one” of the Grand Scribe’s Records. Her translation of the award-winning novel, Three Trios, by Beijing author, Ken Ning, is forthcoming.

WENDY CALL is a writer, editor, and translator in Seattle. She is co-editor of Telling True Stories: A Nonfiction Writers Guide (Plume/Penguin, 2007) and is currently completing a book about village life and economic globalization in Mexico’s Isthmus of Tehuantepec. (www.wendycall.com)

ANTONIO F. CALVO teaches at Princeton University, where he is in charge of the Spanish Language Program. His current projects include a book about translation and the interpretation of poetry, illustrated by the connections between Federico García Lorca’s Gypsy Ballads and the English translation that Langston Hughes started in 1937 and finally published in 1954; a translation of Finlater, Shawn Stewart Ruff’s first novel.

SEYDOU CAMARA was born in 1952, in Bancoumana, Mali. He studied History in Paris and obtained his PhD from EHESS, Paris in 1990. Most of his publications deal with oral tradition and bards as well as 20th century politics in Mali. Currently he is Head of the Department of History and Archaeology at the Institut des Sciences Humaines in Bamako.

JUAN CAMERON (1947- ) was born in Valparaíso, Chile. He has published sixteen volumes of poetry and won an impressive number of prestigious prizes over the years, beginning in 1971. He has continued to work against tremendous odds, surviving, by guile and sheer nerve, fourteen years of the Pinochet dictatorship and ten years of political exile in Sweden. After free elections in Chile he returned to his beloved Valparaíso where he lives with his wife, the graphic artist Virginia Vizcaíno. They often collaborate on various projects.

KELSEY CAMIRE first became drawn to translation after the death of Spanish poet Rafael Alberti, when she realized that, more than anything else, she wanted to be able to share Alberti’s poems with her father. She began translating while studying in Spain, focusing on the novel La lluvia amarilla by Julio Llamazares. She first met Julia Otxoa when the poet was visiting a Comparative Literature class at Smith College. Kelsey graduated from Smith College in 2001 and currently resides in Northampton, MA.

LUÍS DE CAMÕES (1524?-1580), Portugal’s most famous poet, seems to have acquired his extensive Classical learning at the University of Coimbra. Little is known about him with certainty, but he is said to have lost an eye fighting the Moors, and he spent much of his apparently incident-filled life abroad, residing in India and Africa before returning to his native country, where he spent his last few years in poverty. Best known for The Lusiads, his national epic that recounts Vasco da Gama’s voyage round the Cape of Good Hope to India, Camões was also a considerable lyric poet, much influenced by Italian precedents, whose output includes sonnets, sestinas, odes, eclogues, and redondilhas.

IVAN CANADAS earned his PhD from the University of Sydney with a dissertation on the theaters of Spain and England at the turn of the seventeenth century; the project involved a significant amount of translation of Spanish material into English. He is Assistant Professor of English Literature at Hallym University, South Korea. He has directed his own English-language adaptations of plays by Federico Garca Lorca and Fernando Arrabal, and is currently completing a bilingual edition of a Golden Age Spanish comedy, Lope de Vegas La villana de Getafe.

MANLIO CANCOGNI was born in Bologna of Tuscan parents but later transferred to Rome, where he completed his doctoral studies in history and philosophy and began publishing short stories before becoming special correspondent for L’Europeo, L’Espresso, Il Corriere della Sera, Il Giornale, and later La Fiera Letteraria. At present he contributes to L’Osservatore Romano. He taught at Smith for twelve years, in the Italian Department. He has published about thirty books, winning some literary prizes (Bagutta, Campiello, Strega, Viareggio). 1999 saw the publication, in a bilingual edition, of his translation into Italian of Ron Banerjee’s Sonnets for the Madonna. 

HARKAITZ CANO was born in Lasarte, Gipuzkoa in 1975 and currently resides in Donostia-San Sebastián. Cano’s highly diverse literary production has already become one of the cornerstones of the so-called “New Basque Literature.” Author of a collection of poetry Kea behelainopean bezala (1994) at age nineteen, he has since published several collections of short stories and three novels: Beluna Jazz (1996), Pasaia Blues (1999), and Paino gainean gosaltz (El puente desafinado; Baladas de Nueva York; 2000).

HÉLÈNE CANTARELLA Writer, critic, translator, teacher of languages Emerita at Smith College. For many years wrote reviews for The New York Times, The New Leader and other periodicals. Former Chief of the Foreign Language Section of the Motion Picture Bureau of the Office of War Information, then Coordinator of Films at Smith College. Lives in Leeds, Massachusetts.

NAM CAO is the pseudonym of Tran Huu Tri (1915-1951), acclaimed as a realist short story writer and novelist in early twentieth-century Vietnamese literature. Throughout his writing career, Nam Cao was very aware of the responsibility of the realist writer: a writer must exercise both dignity and morality. His story “Bright Moon” (1943) is his manifesto on the literary aesthetics of realism, preceded by Vietnamese Romanticism (1930-1945).

ROSETTA GIULIANI-CAPONETTO was born in Muqdishu (Somalia) and moved to Italy in 1980. She is currently a PhD candidate at the University of Connecticut and teaches Italian language and literature at Smith College. Her field of research is Italian colonialism and the hybrid or mulatto character in literature and cinema of the nineteenth and twentieth century. Her interests include African cinema and the theories of Imperfect and Third World cinema.

RAFFAELE LA CAPRIA (b. 1922) is an Italian writer whose works are based in Naples. Capri e non più Capri was published by Mondadori in 1991. Petroff and Pioli are currently translating the whole work.

XÁNATH CARAZA is a traveler, educator, poet and short story writer. She writes for Periódico de poesía, the Smithsonian Latino Center, Revista Literaria Monolito and La Bloga. Caraza is the author of 11 poetry collections. Her poems “Viento en el rostro” and “Humo” are part of her poetry collection Donde la luz es violeta, Where the Light is Violet translated into English by Sandra Kingery, and these two poems were also translated into Romanian by Tudor Șerbănescu.

ALEKSANDRA CARBAJAL holds a BA in Spanish from Rutgers University, where she is currently working on her MA in Spanish Translation. Originally from Poland, she immigrated to the U.S. at the age of six. She is fluent in Polish, Spanish, and English, and hopes to use all three languages in her career as a translator and interpreter.

NATALIA CARBAJOSA received a doctorate in English Literature from the University of Salamanca with highest honors and teaches English at the Technical University of Cartagena. Her literary publications include Los puentes sumergidos (The Submerged Bridges; poetry, 2000); Patologias (Pathologies; short stories, 2005); Pronóstico (Forecast; poetry, 2005); The Kingdoms and the Hours/Himeneo and his Names (poetry, 2006); Prosopoemas (Prosepoems; poetry, 2008); and an annotated translation of H.D. (Trilogia, 2008).

JAN CARHART, MSW, graduated from Smith College with a BA in English and has taught English language and literature and social studies at the middle school level. She has also worked as a clinical social worker, stock broker and financial planner, and a grant proposal reviewer for the federal Department of Health and Human Services. As an amateur photographer for many years, she photographs people, landscapes, and animals in a variety of settings.

IVANA CARLSEN Born in Brazil, she came to the U.S. in 1947 on scholarships to Berkeley and Santa Barbara, to settle in Los Angeles where she lived and worked except for a time in Portugal from 1986-1992. She has been awarded a Literature and Translation Grant from the National Endowment of the Arts.

BARBARA SIEGEL CARLSON is the author of Fire Road (Dream Horse Press, 2013) and co-translator with Ana Jelnikar of Look Back, Look Ahead, Selected Poems of Srecko Kosovel (Ugly Duckling Presse, 2010). Poems and translations have appeared in The Carolina Quarterly, New Ohio Review, Mid-American Review, and elsewhere. She is currently editing an anthology of contemporary Slovene poetry.

FLAVIO CARNEIRO was born in Goiania in 1962. He moved to Rio de Janeiro in the early 1980s. He is a writer, a literary critic, a screenwriter, and a professor of literature at the University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ). He has published fourteen books and written two screenplays. As a writer, he has published a collection of short stories, four novels, and five novellas for children and young adults, and has participated in various anthologies of short stories in Brazil and other countries. He has also authored three collections of essays, among them O leitor fingido (2010), and various articles published in professional journals. From 2000 until 2007, he regularly collaborated with the literary supplements for the newspapers O Globo (‘Prosa e Verso’ section) and Jornal do Brasil (‘Ideias’ section). Among his works of fiction are the novels A ilha (2011), A confissao (2006), and O campeonato (2009). He has received a variety of prizes for his work.

RAFFAELE CARRIERI was born in Taranto, Southern Italy in 1905. From adolescence he embarked on a life of travel and a variety of jobs, from taxman to art critic. Friendly with D’Annunzio in Italy and Blaise Cendrars and other figures of the avant garde in the Paris of the 1920s, he published several collections of poetry, and Mondadori published a volume of selected poems in 1976.

JOAO ANZANELLO CARROSCOZA was born in Cravinhos, Sao Paulo, in 1962. He is an advertising editor and a professor at the School of Communication and Arts at the University of Sao Paulo, where he earned his master’s and doctoral degrees. He has published a novel Aos 7 e aos 40 (2013) and a number of collections of short stories, among them O vaso azul (1998), Duas tardes (2002), Dias raros (2004), O volume do silencio (2006), Espinhos e alfinetes (2010), Aquela agua toda (2012), and Passeio (2013). Carroscoza is also the author of a number of children’s stories, including O homem que lia as pessoas (2007) and A vida naquela hora (2011). His stories have been translated into English, French, Italian, Swedish, and Spanish. He participated as an invited guest in the Ledig House International Writers’ Residency program (USA), the Chateau Lavigny (Switzerland), and Sangam House (India). He has received many prizes for his work, the most distinguished of which are the Jabuti Prize, the RFI/Guimaraes Rosa Prize, and the Fundacao Biblioteca Nacional Prize.

GABRIEL CHAVEZ CASAZOLA was born in Sucre, Bolivia, in 1972. He began writing in his late adolescence and started publishing in Bolivian journals during his university years. He has written five books of poetry, and his poetry has appeared in various Bolivian and international anthologies. Spanish literary critic Raquel Cisneros calls Chávez Casazola an “essential voice in contemporary Bolivian poetry.” In 2005, Chávez Casazola won the Medal of Cultural Merit in Bolivia and in 2013 he was a finalist for the Fernando Rielo Mystic Poetry Award.

NINA CASSIAN Romania’s principal poet, translations of her poems by many distinguished American writers recently appeared in Life Sentence: Selected Poems.

PAUL MELO E CASTRO is Lecturer in Portuguese at the University of Leeds, where he is engaged in a research project looking at the Lusophone Goan short story.

BARTOLO CATTAFI (1922-1979) was born in the province of Messina, Sicily, but he lived and worked in Milan for most of his life. He began to write poetry after a medical discharge from the army during WWII. He traveled extensively in Spain, Great Britain, and North Africa and published many collections during his lifetime. His selected poems were published in 1990 by Mondadori as Poesie 1943-1979.

JUAN DEL VALLE Y CAVIEDES (c. 1652-c. 1698) was a Spanish-born satirical poet of viceregal Peru best known for his mordant treatment of human foibles, colonial society, and the medical profession. Much of his work survives in two 1689 manuscripts under the title Diente del Parnaso.

CLARE CAVANAGH (1956- ) is Associate Professor of Slavic Languages at Northwestern University. She has translated two volumes of Wislawa Szymborska’s poetry with Stanislaw Baranczak. She has also translated Adam Zagajewski’s Mysticism for Beginners.

INARA CEDRINS is an artist, writer and translator of Latvian descent who received her BA in Writing from Columbia College in Chicago and her MA in Arts Administration at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago. Her anthology of contemporary Latvian poetry written while Latvia was under Soviet occupation was published by the University of Iowa Press, and she is currently working on a new Baltic anthology.

PAUL CELAN (Pseud. for Paul Antschel) Best known as chronicler in poetry of the Holocaust, he was born to a Jewish family in Romania, was conscripted during the War to labor service in Southern Moldavia, and, after wandering in exile, settled in Paris where he lectured at the École Normale Supérieure. His own translations are many, while his cryptic handling of German has been the challenge and despair of translators into English.

PEDRO CESARINO (b. 1977, Sao Paulo) is Professor of Anthropology at the University of Sao Paulo, where his work focuses on poetics, translation, and the verbal arts of Indigenous peoples in Brazil and the Americas. He received his Ph.D. from the National Museum/Federal University of Rio de Janeiro with a dissertation on Marubo poetics and cosmology. He is co-editor of Polaticas culturais e povos indagenas (Cultural Policy and Indigenous Peoples) (2015) and author of Quando a Terra deixou de falaracantos da mitologia marubo (When the Earth Stopped Speaking; Songs from Marubo Mythology) (2013), Oniska: Poatica do xamanismo na Amazania (Oniska: Poetics of Shamanism in the Amazon) (2011), and the collection of poetry, Oceanos (2002). 

LEE CHADEAYNE is a former classical musician, college professor, and owner of a language translation company in Massachusetts. A charter member of the American Literary Translators Association, he has been active in the organization since 1970 and is currently editor-in-chief of its newsletter. His translated works to date are primarily in the areas of music, art, language, history and general literature. Recent publications include The Settlers of Catan by Rebecca Gablé (2005) and The Copper Sign by Katja Fox (2009) as well as numerous short stories. His translation of Die Henkerstochter (The Hangman’s Daughter), the best-selling novel by Oliver Pötzsch, is forthcoming.

BHASKAR CHAKRABORTY (1943-2003) published his first poetry collection in 1971, Sheetkaal Kabe Asabe Suparna (When Will It be Winter, Suparna), to critical acclaim, and went on be considered one of the leading poets of Kolkata. Bhaskar has authored eight books of poetry and rarely wrote prose. He died of lung cancer in 2003.

SRINJAY CHAKRAVARTI is a journalist, writer, researcher and translator based in Salt Lake City, Calcutta, India. He holds degrees in Economics and English from universities in Calcutta and New Delhi. His poetry, short fiction and translations have appeared include over 100 publications in nearly 30 countries. North American credits include Euphony, Silk Road, Journal of Caribbean Literatures, Tiferet: A Journal of Spiritual Literature, The Foliate Oak, Tipton Poetry Journal, The Cafe Irreal, Straylight Literary Arts Magazine (Straylight Online), Rougarou: A Journal of Arts and Literature, The Melic Review, Eclectica Magazine, The Pedestal Magazine, Astropoetica, Assisi: An Online Journal of Arts & Letters, Bare Root Review, Poetry Super Highway, Gowanus: An International Online Journal of Idea & Observation, The Bathyspheric Review, The Avatar Review,flashquake, Ginosko Literary Journal, Contemporary Rhyme, miller’s pond, The Heron’s Nest, Ygdrasil, Science Creative Quarterly, and Terry. His first book of poems Occam’s Razor (Writers Workshop, Calcutta: 1994) received the Salt Literary Award (Australia) in 1995. He also won one of the top prizes in the Dorothy Sargent Rosenberg Memorial Poetry Competition 2007-08.

RAQUEL CHALFI was born in Tel-Aviv where she lives and works. She studied at Hebrew University, at Berkeley University, and at the American Film Institute. She worked for Israeli radio and television as writer-director-producer, and has taught film at Tel Aviv University. She has published nine volumes of poetry, and is the recipient of numerous awards for her poetry as well as for her work in theater, radio and film. Her collected poems, Solar Plexus, poems 1975-1999, appeared in 2002; in 2006 she received the Bialik Award for poetry. Most recently, her work appeared in American Poetry Review and in the anthology, Poets on the Edge—Contemporary Hebrew Poetry (SUNY Press, 2008).

THIBAUT DE CHAMPAGNE (1201-1253), the most illustrious of the trouvères and one of the most prolific, was the great-grandson of Eleanor of Aquitaine and both count of Champagne and king of Navarre. He was a leading political figure in the France and (northern) Spain of his time, deeply involved in royal power struggles and in the Crusade of 1239. Over seventy songs of various types are attributed to him.

EILEEN CHANG (aka ZHANG AILING) 張愛玲 (1920-1995) also known as Zhang Ailing, was born in 1920 in Shanghai, China into a prestigious family, which was in rapid decline throughout her childhood. Witnessing the deterioration of her family and being a victim of domestic violence in her teenage years gave her a piercing insight into the dark side of human nature. She began writing short stories, prose, and novels in her early twenties and was soon catapulted to fame with the immediate success of her works. She published most of her acclaimed stories in the 1940s. However, when the Communist Party took power in China in 1949, Chang sensed the limited freedom she would be granted as a writer under the new regime, and decided to leave China for good. She arrived in Hong Kong in 1952 and then moved to the United States, where she spent the rest of her life living like a recluse. She died alone in 1995 in an apartment in Los Angeles. Though many Chinese readers forgot her after she left China, Chang began to enjoy a renaissance in the 1980s. She is celebrated for her well-wrought portrayal of complicated and often frustrating interpersonal relationships unraveling in typical Chinese families, as well as the illusion and delusion of love. Even today, Chang continues to mesmerize Chinese readers, scholars, and filmmakers. The Oscar-winning director, Ang Lee, adapted her short story, “Lust Caution,” into a film, which won a Gold Lion Award at the Venice Film Festival in 2007.

TEIMURAZ CHANTURISHVILI is a cardiologist, working at the Tbilisi prison hospital. He was born in 1947 in Batumi, is married and has three children.

GERALD CHAPPLE was born in Montréal in 1937 and has been translating contemporary German and Austrian authors for twenty-five years. Among his recent translations, those of Ursula Krechel, Josef Haslinger, and Kunert have appeared in The Fiddlehead, Fiction, and Modern Poetry in Translation. His translation of Barbara Frischmuth’s Chasing after the Wind: Four Stories (1996) received a Translation Award from the government of Austria. He is putting together a selection of Kunert’s poems with the working title, A Stranger at Home.

PIERRE CHAPPUIS was born in 1930 in Switzerland, in the Bern region of the Jura mountains. He studied at the University of Geneva before teaching French literature in the county of Neuchâtel, where he still lives. His works include Le biais des mots (1998), Dans la foulée (1996), D’un pas suspendu (1994), La preuve par le vide (1992), Moins que glaise (1990), and Eboulis et autres poèmes(1984).

ASSELIN CHARLES an Associate Professor of Language and Literature at Wenzao College of Languages, Taiwan, has taught at several institutions in North America and in Haiti, and worked as a translator for the Quebec Ministry of Education. He has translated short stories by René Depestre and Antenor Firmin’s nineteenth-century masterwork, De l’Égalité des races humaines.

ERIC CHARRY is Associate Professor in the Music Department at Wesleyan University. His book, Mande Music: Traditional and Modern Music of the Maninka of Western Africa, was published by the University of Chicago Press in 2000.

MME DU CHATELET (GABRIELLE EMILIE LE TONNELIER DE BRETEUIL, MARQUISE DU CHATELET-LOMOT) (1706-1749) The daughter of the Baron de Breteuil, Principal Secretary and Introducer of Ambassadors to Louis XIV, Emilie received a basic education at home, was taught Latin by her father, learned fencing, riding and gymnastics, which were not typical for a girl. By the age of twelve she had a fluent mastery of German and Greek in addition to Latin. She was introduced to court at sixteen, where she developed a taste for finery, but her superior intellect led her to seek the company primarily of equals in wit and education. Emilie hired tutors to teach her geometry, algebra, calculus, and physics, and she spent as much as twelve hours a day studying. When she was nineteen, she married Florent-Claude Chatelet. She had had several amorous liaisons before meeting Voltaire in 1733, when she was twenty-eight and he thirty-nine. Together they conducted a public love affair, which lasted for over a decade. Together they collected 21,000 volumes in a library and studied everything from metaphysics and morality to natural science and biblical criticism. One of the major achievements of their collaboration was the publication, in 1738, under Voltaire’s name, of the Elements de la philosophie de Newton, which greatly advanced the cause of Newtonian physics in France. Voltaire states in the preface that they worked on the project together. Emilie herself wrote a remarkable dissertation, “Sur la nature et la propagation du feu.” The Academie des Sciences considered the work for a prize and published it in 1744. She authored her own Institutions de physique and also completed a translation with commentary of Newton’s Principia Mathematica, which was published posthumously by Voltaire and which remains to this day the definitive French edition of Newton’s great work. Emilie wrote the Discours sur le bonheur in the years just before her death, on September 10, 1749. The text itself was not published until 1779. The letters of Voltaire to Emilie, which she is known to have preserved in eight books of red morocco leather, have never been found.

NGUYEN MINH CHAU (1930-1989), an accomplished fiction writer and military veteran, was born in Nghe An, central Vietnam. During the Vietnam War, he did not write fiction to serve political propaganda; rather, he focused on the beautiful spirit of the common people and their humanity. “Crescent Moon” was first published in 1970, made into a film in 1980, and most recently into a musical play in 2014, performed at the Hanoi Military Theatre. In Vietnamese literature, the moon is often associated with romanticism, and the romantic love between Nguyet and Lam in the story is juxtaposed against the cruelty of war.

ANDRÉE CHEDID Born in Egypt in a Lebanese-Syrian family, Chedid is a French citizen who has lived in Paris since 1946. Her work includes numerous volumes of poetry, short stories, novels, and theater. She is one of the most prominent contemporary Francophone writers and is the recipient of the 2002 Bourse Goncourt for Poetry. Her writings are in French, but the mythology underlying them is both Western and non-European. “The Lost Garden” is a poem about the myth of Adam and Eve and Paradise Lost, but Chedid brings her own vision to this biblical and foundational myth of Western societies.

ANDRÉ CHÉNIER (1762-94) became an honorary Romantic when his poems were published in 1819, on the eve of the new movement in poetry inaugurated by Lamartine and a quarter century after his life was cut short by the guillotine. Born in Constantinople, where his father was the French consul, Chénier grew up in Paris where his mother, from a Greek family, held a salon and befriended the leading writers of the day. After a brief military career he served three years as secretary to the French embassy in London, during which time the Revolution broke out; he welcomed it as first, but was shocked by the execution of Louis XVI and wrote against it in newspaper articles. Arrested during the Terror, he spent several months in prison awaiting death, though no charges had been filed; there he met and admired Aimée Franquetot de Coigny, the former Duchess of Fleury, the “young captive” of the following poem. She was able to escape prison through bribery, but Chénier was not so lucky: he was guillotined on July 25, just two days before the fall of Robespierre and the end of the Terror. His poem about her was published shortly thereafter, but few others were known until 1819. From that date on he was celebrated as the one who brought French poetry out of its century-long decline. The first of Victor Hugo’s odes (written early in 1821) and two later ones have an epigraph from Chénier. The largest part of Alfred de Vigny’s novel Stello (1832) retells the efforts to free Chénier from prison. Alfred de Musset remembers him in “A Wasted Evening” (1840). And he meant a good deal to Alexander Pushkin, who was a French poet before a Russian one.

ESTHER M. K. CHEUNG is Associate Professor of Comparative Literature in the School of Humanities, the University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam) and a Research Associate of the Kwan Fong Cultural Research and Development Programme (CRD) at Lingnan University. She is Director of the Center for the Study of Globalization and Cultures (CSGC) at the University of Hong Kong. She has published on identity in Hong Kong films, pop song lyrics, literary and historical writings. She is the editor of In Critical Proximity: The Visual Memories of Stanley Kwan (in Chinese, Joint Publishing) and co-editor of two collections, Xiang-gang Wen-xue Wen-hua Yan-jiu (Hong Kong Literature as/and Cultural Studies) (Oxford UP) and Between Home and World: A Reader in Hong Kong Cinema (Oxford UP). Her Chinese prose writings and cultural criticisms have appeared in Mingpao Daily (Hong Kong), Mingpao Monthly (Hong Kong), Hong Kong Economic Journal, City Magazine, and her own edited prose collection called Sabayoning the City (Red Publish).

CHANG CHI, a T’ang Dynasty poet, contemporary of Li Po, Wang Wei and Tu Fu, was from a town now in the province of Hubei. Like other scholar-poets in China, he held a government office. His poetry integrates Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism.

CHRIS CHILDERS teaches Classics and Creative Writing, and coaches squash and tennis, at St. Andrew’s School in Middletown, Delaware. He spends his copious free time translating ancient poems for a volume of Greek and Latin Lyric from Archilochus to Martial, under contract with Penguin Classics. In 2013 he was a finalist for the Ruth Lilly Fellowship from the Poetry Foundation.

GIORGIO DE CHIRICO Surrealist painter, born 1888 in Greece of Italian parents, best known for his brooding ominous visions of unpeopled cities. Was a mover in Surrealist circles, though he broke with his past in 1933. During World War II and after he lived and worked primarily in Italy, where he died at the age of ninety.

EDUARDO CHIRINOS (b. Lima, 1960) is the author of eleven books of poetry. His work is widely anthologized in the Spanish-speaking world. In 2001, Chirinos was awarded the inaugural Poesía Americana Innovadora Prize from the Casa de América in Madrid for innovation in Latin American poetry. He is currently associate professor of Modern and Classical Languages and Literatures at the University of Montanaó- Missoula.

ELENA SUET-YING CHIU is Associate Professor of East Asian Languages and Cultures at University of Massachusetts Amherst. Her research has been mainly focused on late imperial Chinese literature and culture, including fiction, drama, performing arts, as well as Manchu literature and culture. Her most recent publication is Bannermen Tales (Zidishu): Manchu Storytelling and Cultural Hybridity in the Qing Dynasty (Cambridge and London: Harvard University Asia Center, 2018).

JULES CHOPPIN, JOSEPH DÉJACQUE, CHARLES CHAUVIN BOISCLAIR DELÉRY, EDGAR GRIMA: Francophone poets from nineteenth-century Louisiana: see introduction and biographies, within issue 11.1.

HAMIDA BANU CHOPRA is an internationally renowned reciter of Urdu poetry. She teaches Urdu language and literature at the University of California, Berkeley. She received her MA in Philosophy from Rajasthan University and an advanced degree in Urdu from Aligarh University. Her co-translations of Urdu poetry have appeared in TWO LINES: World Writing in Translation and Circumference and are forthcoming in the online multimedia journal Born Magazine.

KEVIN CHRISTIANSON holds a PhD in English from the University of Wisconsin at Milwaukee. His own poems have appeared in Minnesota Review, The Formalist, and New Letters. A professor of English, he teaches courses in creative writing, poetry, and world literature at Tennessee Tech University. In 1999-2000 he received a Fulbright to teach American literature at Nicholas Copernicus University in Torun, Poland. In 1998 he was elected member of the Polish Institute of Arts and Sciences.

XI CHUAN 西川 (1963-) is a poet, essayist, translator, and journal editor from Jiangsu province. He is one of the most influential contemporary poets in China and has received international acclaim as well. His poetry has been translated into more than fifteen different languages. In addition, his poetry has influenced other artistic genres as well, including an experimental play (“Flowers in the Mirror and the Moon on the Water”), an installation (Poetry Island), and a piece of orchestra music (“Long Journey”).

MAURA CHWASTYK is currently studying at Charles University in Prague and completing her degree in linguistics at the University of Pittsburgh.

KAY CICELLIS (1926-2001) was born of Greek parents in Marseilles, France. She attended the American College of Greece and spent the World War II years in her father’s home island of Cephalonia. Greece’s premier literary translator, Kay Cicellis distinguished herself as a writer both in Greek and English. Her fiction has been translated into English, French, German, Portugese, and Spanish. The Dance of the Hours (Athens: Agra Publications, 1998), a collection of short stories, won the Greek State Prize in 1999.

EVA CLAESON, one of the founding editors of Metamorphoses in 1992, is a translator from Sweden who, after 30 years in Europe, lives north of Amherst MA. She has written about a dozen short stories as well as poetry and has published numerous translations, including two short story collections, books of poetic prose, a classic novel and a collection of contemporary Swedish women poets. At this time she is working on what she calls an autobiographic fiction that she started 20 years ago.

MERCÈ CLARASÓ born in Glasgow of Catalan and Scottish parentage, lived in Catalonia as a child from 1927-36 and worked in Valencia for the British Council from 1947-51. She later graduated from Edinburgh University with 1st Class Honours in Spanish and French, and a Diploma of Education. She taught Spanish and French in St. Leonards School, St. Andrews, Scotland, and received her doctorate from the University of St. Andrews in 1977, with a thesis on the use of color in the short stories of Horacio Quiroga. She taught Spanish and Catalan language and literature at the University of St. Andrews from 1970-85. She has published a number of scholarly articles as well as translations from French into English. Her Catalan translation of Robert Louis Stevenson’s Weir of Hermiston was published in 1986.

CLASSIC OF POETRY is the oldest Chinese poetry anthology compiled during the Zhou Dynasty between 1000-600 B.C.E. The compilation is attributed to Confucius. The Classic of Poetry is a part of the canonical texts in Confucian teachings and has significant influence as a source of literary inspiration and political allegory.

HUGO CLAUS was born in 1929 in Bruges (West-Flanders, Belgium). As a young man, he worked on farms and as a seasonal laborer in sugar factories in Northern France while studying at the Academy of Ghent (Academie voor Beeldende Kunsten) and the Theatre Academy of Ghent (Toneelschool). His meeting with Antonin Artaud in 1948 stimulated his interest in experimental art. From 1948 to 1951, he was a member of the modern painters’ movement COBRA, founded by Dutch painter Karel Appel. In 1973, he married the soft-porn actress Slyvia Kristel (known for the 1970s Emmanuelle movies) with whom he has a son. At various moments in his career, he lived in France, Italy, the Netherlands, and Belgium. Claus is a prolific painter, poet, dramatist, fiction writer, translator, and theatre and movie director. Among his most famous novels are: De Verwondering (1962; L’étonnement), a story about Flemish Nazis during the WWII occupation and Het Verdriet van Belgi (1983; Le Chagrin des belges; The Sorrow of Belgium). He has received numerous national and international awards and several Nobel Prize nominations.

ALICE CLEMENTE is Emeritus Professor of Spanish and Portuguese and of Comparative Literature at Smith College and Adjunct Professor in the Department of Portuguese and Brazilian Studies at Brown University. She is managing editor of Gávea-Brown Publications, which is based in that department. She has translated poetry for the Amazonian Literary Review and was editor and a translator of Sweet Marmalade, Sour Oranges: an Anthology of Contemporary Portuguese Women’s Fiction. She is also the translator of the Portuguese classic Amor de Perdição (Doomed Love—A Family Memoir).

ELENA CLEMENTELLI Born in Rome in 1923, Elena Clementelli is considered one of the finest Italian poets of her generation, in addition to being a noted scholar and translator of Iberian and Anglo-Saxon literature. Her collections of poetry include Il mare dentro (1957); Le ore mute (1959); La breve luce (1969); Cosa parlando onesto (1977); Vasi a Samo (1983); Il conto (1998); and Poesie damore Alternanze (2007). Her poetry has garnered a number of important awards, including the Lerici-Pea (1964), Frascati (1965), and Bari Palese (1990). In 1993 she received the Prize Betocchi Piombino for her translation of Il Teatro di Federico Garc­a Lorca. Clementelli has translated into Italian numerous works of Iberian literature, as well as anthologies of spirituals and Blues lyrics (in collaboration with the scholar Walter Mauro).

STEPHEN CLINGMAN is Professor of English and Director of the Interdisciplinary Seminar in the Humanities and Fine Arts at the University of Massachusetts. He has published a book on the South African Nobel Laureate, Nadine Gordimer, and edited a collection of her non-fiction. His most recent book, Bram Fisher: Afrikaner Revolutionary, won the Alan Paton Prize, South Africa’s premier award for non-fiction.

TERESE COE’s poems and translations have appeared in The Threepenny Review, Poetry, New American Writing, Ploughshares, Alaska Quarterly Review, The Cincinnati Review, The Huffington Post, Poetry Review, the TLS, Agenda, New Walk Magazine, Warwick Review, The Moth, The Stinging Fly, and many other publications. Anthologies include The Cento, Irresistible Sonnets, and Grace Notes (an anthology of poems from First Things). One of her poems was heli-dropped across London in the 2012 London Olympics Rain of Poems. Her most recent collection of poems and translations is Shot Silk. Links to additional biographical data, poems and translations can be found at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terese_Coe .

LYN COFFIN is a widely-published poet, fiction writer (Best American Short Stories), playright and translator. Her latest collection of poetry, Joseph Brodsky was Joseph Brodsky, was published in Georgia by Levan Kavleli Press. She teaches Literary Fiction at the University of Washington, in the Continuing and Professional Education Department. In the summer, she teaches Translation at the Shota Rustaveli Institute in Tbilisi, Georgia. With Dodona Kiziria, she is working on a full-length translation of Restaveli’s Knight in the Panther Skin.

LUCI COLLIN is a poet, writer, translator, and professor of English Literature and Literary Translation at the Universidade Federal do Parana. She has a master’s degree in English Literature (UFPR, 1994) and a doctorate in English Literature and Linguistics from the Universidade de Sao Paulo. She has published, among many books, Espelhar (poetry, 1997), Inescritos (short stories, 2004), and Vozes num divertimento (short stories, 2008), and has participated in national and international anthologies (in the US, Germany, Uruguay, Argentina and Peru).

MIGUEL CONDE is a journalist, editor, and literary critic in Rio de Janeiro. He works for O Globo and has served as the curator of the Festa Literaria Internacional de Paraty (Paraty International Book Fair).

RAPHAEL CONFIANT has worked at the forefront of the Créolité movement in his native Martinique and beyond since the 1980’s. He is the author of numerous books in both French and Martiniquan Creole, many of which have appeared in translation. He currently serves as the Dean of Humanities and Literature at the University of the French West Indies, Martinique.

LYNNE CONNER is Assistant Professor in the Theatre Department at the University of Pittsburgh, where she teaches theatre and dance history, theory, and aesthetics. Her publications include Spreading the Gospel of the Modern Dance (1997) and articles in the International Dictionary of Modern Dance, Crucibles of Crisis, High Performance, Theatre Studies, The American Association of Museums Professional Practice Series and Pittsburgh History as well as critical commentary in many newspapers, newsletters and production programs.

SUSAN LEIGH CONNORS is a translator and graduate teaching fellow in the Department of Romance Languages and Literature at Boston College. The better part of her adult life has been spent in Tuscany, Italy, where she pursued a degree in English Literature at the University of Sienna. She was then employed with the Department of Public Education in Grosseto, Italy. Although her background in translation has mainly been in the technical field, her passion for literature and history has overwhelmed her writings. She has translated a number of works related to Italian culture and gastronomy, most recently Balsamic Vinegar for Atlanta, S.r.l., Bologna. In addition, she has translated many unpublished works for authors of Italian Migration Literature, including works by Mohsen Melliti and Younis Tawfik.

GIOVANNA BELLESIA CONTUZZI is Professor of Italian Language and Literature at Smith College. Together with Victoria Poletto she has cotranslated several short stories, a book of essays, Stowaway on Board by Dacia Maraini (Bordighera Press, 2000), and two novels, Cristina Ali Farah’s Little Mother (2011) and Gabriella Ghermandi’s Queen of Flowers and Pearls (2015). Both novels were published by Indiana University Press, Global African Voices’ series.

OWEN AUSTIN COONEY holds an M.A. in East Asia Regional studies from Columbia University. He studied Japanese literature, history, and politics.

MARGARET JULL COSTA has translated works by Eca de Queiroz, Fernando Pessoa and José Regio, Carmen Martí Gaite, Bernardo Atxaga, Javier Marías, among others. Her version of José Saramago’s All the Names won the 2000 Weidenfeld Translation Prize. Her translation of Fernando Pessoa’s The Book of Disquiet made her a joint winner of the Portuguese translation prize.

SARA BANEGA COVEÑA studied in the school of Philosophy, Letters and Education at the University of Cuenca and went on to earn a PhD in German philology in Munich. Currently she teaches Spanish literature at the University of Cuenca, where she also acts as Director of Literature. Editor of the literary review Solotextos, she has published widely and often in Ecuador. She is known especially for the invention of the micropoem, a haiku-like poem which marries surrealism with the deep image and takes of feminist issues or philosophical questions of time and being.

WAYNE COX received a PhD in American Literature in 1991 from the University of South Carolina. He is currently Assistant Professor of English at Anderson College in Anderson, South Carolina, where he teaches creative writing and literature. His work has appeared in such places as Poetry, Shenandoah, Chelsea, Stand, and Southern Humanities Review. With his wife, Lourdes Manyé, he most recently published Vacation Notebook (New York: Pter Lang Press, 1995), a translation of Quadern de Vacances by Miquel Martí i Pol.

IOAN CRETU was born and raised in Romania and attended the University of Georgia (Athens, GA). He has published over a hundred essays and book reviews in the major Romanian literary magazines and has translated extensively into Romanian from works by Julian Barnes, Kingsley Amis, Saul Bellow, Alexander Theroux, and others. In the last ten years he worked as a journalist for several Romanian newspapers and magazines, and in 1998-1999 as a correspondent for the British magazine Media International. In 1996 he spent three months as a writer in residence at the Mary Anderson Center in Indiana.

JENNIFER CROFT is a PhD Candidate in Comparitive Literature Studies at Northwestern University. Her translation from Polish, Spanish, and other languages have appeared in a wide variety of journals and books.

JANE DOBROWOLSKA CROUCH Three trips to Leningrad just before 1989 brought her into contact with young Russian poets and street musicians. These translations are from a collection of Kreps’ poems under preparation.

JUSTIN CRUMBAUGH is an Assistant Professor of Spanish at Mount Holyoke College, where he specializes in Spanish and Basque cultural studies, particularly in relation to cinema, literature, social history, and economic development. He is currently preparing a book-length manuscript on the role of tourism in contemporary Spanish culture.

GASTÃO CRUZ (b. 1941) is the author of twenty volumes of poetry, including Collected Poems (1999), Craters (2000), Rua de Portugal (2002), Repercussion (2004) and Time’s Coin (2006). In 1975 he co-founded the Theatre of Today, a repertory group that performed for over twenty years and for which he translated Chekhov, Strindberg, Crommelynk, and Shakespeare into Portuguese. A critic as well as a poet, he has gained much respect with his collected criticism under the title Portuguese Poetry Today. In the United States close to sixty of his poems have appeared in a dozen literary magazines, including Confrontation, Crab Creek Review, Dirty Goat, Folio, Faultline, Mid-American Review, Northwest Review, Osiris and Rhino.

NATASHA CUDDINGTON is from Saskatchewan, Canada, and has lived in Belfast for several years. She has a Masters Degree from the Irish Studies Department of Queens University Belfast, and has recently completed a book-length poem, several sections of which were published in Cyphers in 2010.

GLENDA Y. NIETO CUEBAS is Assistant Professor of Spanish at Ohio Wesleyan University. She received her Ph.D. in Hispanic Literature from the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. She has taught Spanish language and literature courses at the University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez, at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst and Amherst College. Her teaching and research interests include contemporary adaptations and productions of Hispanic classical theater; early modern women’s writing; and witchcraft and magic in early modern Hispanic literature and culture. Her research as been awarded grants and fellowships by the Program for Cultural Cooperation between the Ministry of Culture of Spain and United States Universities, the Five College Women’s Studies Research Center at Mount Holyoke College, and the Thomas E. Wenzlau Grant awarded by Ohio Wesleyan. Her essays have appeared in refereed journals such as Anagnórisis and Atenea.

ALEXANDRA CUFFEL received her PhD in medieval history from New York University in 2002. She is an assistant professor of pre-modern world history at Macalester College. Her research focuses on Jewish, Christian, and Muslim relations in the Middle Ages. She is the author of Gendering Disgust in Medieval Religious Polemic (University of Notre Dame Press, 2007) and co-editor of Religion, Gender, and Culture in the pre-modern world (Palgrave 2007).

LLUÍS CUGOTA received his llicenciatura in journalism at the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, where he also studied medicine and philology, and his Masters in Scientific and Medical Communications at Barcelona’s Universitat Pompeu Fabra in 1995. His specialty is science writing in the areas of medicine and health. He has worked as an editor for the newspapers Avui, El Periódico, and La Vanguardia and for the magazines Algo, Estar Mejor, and Tu Salud, among others. He has been editor in the area of sciences for the second edition of the Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana, and project editor of various books on health. He has written several books on the popularization of science and health for young people. He regularly contributes a column to the weekly supplement Ciencia y Vida in La Vanguardia and collaborates in other ways as a scientific journalist and translator. He is currently taking advanced course work in Psychology at UNED (Spanish Open University), and is participating in the editing of a thematic encyclopedia.

ÁLVARO CUNQUEIRO (Mondoñedo 1911 à Vigo 1981) worked as a journalist and a novelist in Castilian, but wrote most of his poetry in Galician. Editorial Galaxia edited his poetry written between 1950 and 1980 in the first volume of Obra en galego completa. Poesía. Teatro. In 1991 Galaxia edited Herba aquí ou acolá, where poems published in newspapers between 1935 and 1981 were also included. In the 1950’s he started writing novels in Galician. Galaxia edited the volume Álvaro Cunqueiro. Poesía 1933-1981, in 2011.

GINÉS S. CUTILLAS (Valencia, Spain, 1973) has published multiple short story collections, including The library of life (“La biblioteca de la vida”), and other short stories and flash fiction, including: South fiction (“Ficción sur”), Against the clock II (“A contrarreloj II”) and Please be brief 2 (“Por favor, sea breve 2”). He has received numerous awards for his work, including the International Flash Fiction Award “El Dinosaurio” (La Habana Book Fair, 2007), 5th Annual Flash Fiction Competition (Granada Book Fair, 2006), Fundación Drac Short Story Award (2007), and the Compressed Literature Flash Fiction Award (2006).

CHARLES CUTLER’s translations of Brazilian poetry, including the work of Thiago de Mello, Joà de Jesus Paes Loureiro, Astrid Cabral, Jorge Tufic, Antasthenes Pinto, and Carlos Drummond de Andrade, have appeared in The Massachusetts Review, Metamorphoses, Two Lines, and Amazonian Literary Review. Translations of the contemporary Portuguese writers Maria Velho da Costa and Eduarda Dionisio appeared in Sweet Marmalade, Sour Oranges: Contemporary Portuguese Women’s Fiction. He was co-editor of the erstwhile Amazonian Literary Review and is currently Professor Emeritus of Spanish and Portuguese at Smith College.

HEIDI CZERWIEC has received degrees in Creative Writing from UNC-Greensboro and the University of Utah, and currently is Assistant Professor of English & Creative Writing as well as Co-Director of the Annual UND Writers Conference at the University of North Dakota. She has recent work appearing or forthcoming in Barrow Street, Valparaiso Poetry Review, Kalliope, and Smartish Pace.