{"id":153,"date":"2019-06-10T15:46:02","date_gmt":"2019-06-10T19:46:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/?page_id=153"},"modified":"2020-03-16T11:45:26","modified_gmt":"2020-03-16T15:45:26","slug":"chapter-1","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapter-1\/","title":{"rendered":"Chapter 1"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>The Early History and Development of US Sexual Harassment Law<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Chapter 1 examines activism, theory and legal developments relating to sexual harassment in the 1970s and 1980s.\u00a0 It covers the early interpretation of the 1964 Civil Rights Act and the initial rejection of the notion that Title\u202fVII prohibits sexual harassment. It follows the shifting tide that resulted in the understanding that sexual harassment constitutes discrimination \u201cbecause . . . of sex.\u201d\u00a0 It credits, in part, early feminist activists, lawyers, and scholars who facilitated changes in the law to address the plight of many female workers experiencing sexual harassment.<\/p>\n<p>On this page, you will find archival materials from this period, as well as cases and secondary sources on the early history of the development of sexual harassment law and policy.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<div class=\"su-row\"><div class=\"su-column su-column-size-1-2\"><div class=\"su-column-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\"><strong>Cases<\/strong><div class=\"pt-cv-wrapper\"><div class=\"pt-cv-view pt-cv-collapsible\" id=\"pt-cv-view-53c2845e8u\"><div data-id=\"pt-cv-page-1\" class=\"pt-cv-page\" data-cvc=\"1\"><div class=\"panel-group\" id=\"df90035qtn\"><div class=\"panel panel-default pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col\" >\r\n<div class=\"panel-heading pt-cv-title\">\r\n    <a class=\"panel-title\" data-toggle=\"cvcollapse\" data-parent=\"#df90035qtn\" data-target=\"#f825769321\" href='https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapters\/chapter-1\/corne-v-bausch-and-lomb-inc-390-f-supp-161-d-ariz-1975\/' onclick='event.preventDefault()'>\r\n\t\tCorne v. Bausch and Lomb, 390 F. Supp. 161 (D. Ariz. 1975) (1975)\t<\/a>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"f825769321\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse in\">\r\n\t<div class=\"panel-body\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"pt-cv-content\">Corne v. Bausch and Lomb, Inc., 390 F.\u00a0 Supp. 161 (D. Ariz. 1975), vacated and remanded on appeal ...<br \/><div class=\"pt-cv-rmwrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapters\/chapter-1\/corne-v-bausch-and-lomb-inc-390-f-supp-161-d-ariz-1975\/\" class=\"_self pt-cv-readmore btn btn-success\" target=\"_self\">Read More<\/a><\/div><\/div>\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"panel panel-default pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col\" >\r\n<div class=\"panel-heading pt-cv-title\">\r\n    <a class=\"panel-title\" data-toggle=\"cvcollapse\" data-parent=\"#df90035qtn\" data-target=\"#99d94ffpwj\" href='https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapters\/chapter-1\/williams-v-saxbe-413-f-supp-654-d-d-c-1976\/' onclick='event.preventDefault()'>\r\n\t\tWilliams v. Saxbe, 413 F. Supp. 654 (D.D.C. 1976)\t<\/a>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"99d94ffpwj\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \">\r\n\t<div class=\"panel-body\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"pt-cv-content\">Diane Williams made history with her groundbreaking case in 1976, Williams v. Saxbe, 413 F.\u00a0 Supp. 654 (D.D.C. 1976), the ...<br \/><div class=\"pt-cv-rmwrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapters\/chapter-1\/williams-v-saxbe-413-f-supp-654-d-d-c-1976\/\" class=\"_self pt-cv-readmore btn btn-success\" target=\"_self\">Read More<\/a><\/div><\/div>\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"panel panel-default pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col\" >\r\n<div class=\"panel-heading pt-cv-title\">\r\n    <a class=\"panel-title\" data-toggle=\"cvcollapse\" data-parent=\"#df90035qtn\" data-target=\"#0f672ddl0g\" href='https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapters\/chapter-1\/tomkins-v-public-service-elec-gas-co-422-f-supp-553-d-n-j-1976\/' onclick='event.preventDefault()'>\r\n\t\tTomkins v. Public Service Elec. &amp;  Gas Co., 422 F. Supp. 552 (D.N.J. 1976)\t<\/a>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"0f672ddl0g\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \">\r\n\t<div class=\"panel-body\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"pt-cv-content\">Feminist lawyer Nadine Taub represented Adrienne Tomkins in one of the earliest sexual harassment cases,\u00a0Tomkins v. Public Service Elec. &amp; ...<br \/><div class=\"pt-cv-rmwrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapters\/chapter-1\/tomkins-v-public-service-elec-gas-co-422-f-supp-553-d-n-j-1976\/\" class=\"_self pt-cv-readmore btn btn-success\" target=\"_self\">Read More<\/a><\/div><\/div>\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"panel panel-default pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col\" >\r\n<div class=\"panel-heading pt-cv-title\">\r\n    <a class=\"panel-title\" data-toggle=\"cvcollapse\" data-parent=\"#df90035qtn\" data-target=\"#76fa19bpec\" href='https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapters\/chapter-1\/paulette-l-barnes-v-douglas-m-costle-administrator-of-the-environmental-protection-agency-561-f-2d-983-d-c-cir-1977\/' onclick='event.preventDefault()'>\r\n\t\tBarnes v. Costle, 561 F.2d. 983 (D.C. Cir. 1977)\t<\/a>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"76fa19bpec\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \">\r\n\t<div class=\"panel-body\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"pt-cv-content\">Paulette L. Barnes v. Douglas M. Costle, Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, 561 F.2d 983 (D.C. Cir. 1977), the ...<br \/><div class=\"pt-cv-rmwrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapters\/chapter-1\/paulette-l-barnes-v-douglas-m-costle-administrator-of-the-environmental-protection-agency-561-f-2d-983-d-c-cir-1977\/\" class=\"_self pt-cv-readmore btn btn-success\" target=\"_self\">Read More<\/a><\/div><\/div>\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"panel panel-default pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col\" >\r\n<div class=\"panel-heading pt-cv-title\">\r\n    <a class=\"panel-title\" data-toggle=\"cvcollapse\" data-parent=\"#df90035qtn\" data-target=\"#7c1a0921w3\" href='https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapters\/chapter-1\/munford-v-james-t-barnes-co-441-f-supp-459-e-d-mich-1977\/' onclick='event.preventDefault()'>\r\n\t\tMunford v. James T. Barnes &amp; Co., 441 F. Supp. 459 (E.D. Mich. 1977)\t<\/a>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"7c1a0921w3\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \">\r\n\t<div class=\"panel-body\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"pt-cv-content\">Munford v. James T. Barnes &amp; Co., 441 F. Supp. 459 (E.D. Mich. 1977)This case brought by Maxine Munford inspired ...<br \/><div class=\"pt-cv-rmwrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapters\/chapter-1\/munford-v-james-t-barnes-co-441-f-supp-459-e-d-mich-1977\/\" class=\"_self pt-cv-readmore btn btn-success\" target=\"_self\">Read More<\/a><\/div><\/div>\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\" pt-cv-pagination-wrapper\"><ul class=\"pt-cv-pagination pt-cv-ajax pagination\" data-totalpages=\"2\" data-currentpage=\"1\" data-sid=\"53c2845e8u\" data-unid=\"\" data-isblock=\"\" data-postid=\"\"><li class=\"active\"><a href=\"#\">1<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li ><a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/153\/?_page=2\">2<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li ><a class=\" \" href=\"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/153\/?_page=2\">&rsaquo;<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\" class=\"pt-cv-spinner\" alt=\"Loading...\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,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\" \/><div class=\"clear pt-cv-clear-pagination\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div> <div class=\"su-column su-column-size-1-2\"><div class=\"su-column-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\"><strong>Archival Materials<\/strong><div class=\"pt-cv-wrapper\"><div class=\"pt-cv-view pt-cv-collapsible\" id=\"pt-cv-view-59d1e06l3j\"><div data-id=\"pt-cv-page-1\" class=\"pt-cv-page\" data-cvc=\"1\"><div class=\"panel-group\" id=\"9a180279jz\"><div class=\"panel panel-default pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col\" >\r\n<div class=\"panel-heading pt-cv-title\">\r\n    <a class=\"panel-title\" data-toggle=\"cvcollapse\" data-parent=\"#9a180279jz\" data-target=\"#896758b90z\" href='https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapters\/chapter-1\/poster-for-the-1975-sexual-harassment-speak-out-in-ithaca-new-york\/' onclick='event.preventDefault()'>\r\n\t\tPoster for the 1975 Sexual Harassment Speak Out in Ithaca, New York\t<\/a>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"896758b90z\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse in\">\r\n\t<div class=\"panel-body\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"pt-cv-content\"> ...<br \/><div class=\"pt-cv-rmwrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapters\/chapter-1\/poster-for-the-1975-sexual-harassment-speak-out-in-ithaca-new-york\/\" class=\"_self pt-cv-readmore btn btn-success\" target=\"_self\">Read More<\/a><\/div><\/div>\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"panel panel-default pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col\" >\r\n<div class=\"panel-heading pt-cv-title\">\r\n    <a class=\"panel-title\" data-toggle=\"cvcollapse\" data-parent=\"#9a180279jz\" data-target=\"#845d6d7y9r\" href='https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapters\/chapter-1\/transcript-of-the-1975-sexual-harassment-speak-out-in-ithaca-new-york\/' onclick='event.preventDefault()'>\r\n\t\tTranscript of the 1975 Sexual Harassment Speak Out in Ithaca, New York\t<\/a>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"845d6d7y9r\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \">\r\n\t<div class=\"panel-body\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"pt-cv-content\">1975 Sexual Harassment Speak Out ...<br \/><div class=\"pt-cv-rmwrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapters\/chapter-1\/transcript-of-the-1975-sexual-harassment-speak-out-in-ithaca-new-york\/\" class=\"_self pt-cv-readmore btn btn-success\" target=\"_self\">Read More<\/a><\/div><\/div>\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"panel panel-default pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col\" >\r\n<div class=\"panel-heading pt-cv-title\">\r\n    <a class=\"panel-title\" data-toggle=\"cvcollapse\" data-parent=\"#9a180279jz\" data-target=\"#b7699b2i1n\" href='https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapters\/chapter-1\/working-women-united-institute-labor-pains-newsletter-1975-1976\/' onclick='event.preventDefault()'>\r\n\t\tWorking Women United Institute, Labor Pains (newsletter), 1975-1976\t<\/a>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"b7699b2i1n\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \">\r\n\t<div class=\"panel-body\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"pt-cv-content\">Ithaca-based Working Women United Institute published a newsletter from 1975 to 1976 called WWU Labor Pains, in which they document ...<br \/><div class=\"pt-cv-rmwrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapters\/chapter-1\/working-women-united-institute-labor-pains-newsletter-1975-1976\/\" class=\"_self pt-cv-readmore btn btn-success\" target=\"_self\">Read More<\/a><\/div><\/div>\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"panel panel-default pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col\" >\r\n<div class=\"panel-heading pt-cv-title\">\r\n    <a class=\"panel-title\" data-toggle=\"cvcollapse\" data-parent=\"#9a180279jz\" data-target=\"#9e7019c6ti\" href='https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapters\/chapter-1\/from-the-archives\/' onclick='event.preventDefault()'>\r\n\t\tFirst New York Times Story on Sexual Harassment, August 1975\t<\/a>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"9e7019c6ti\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \">\r\n\t<div class=\"panel-body\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"pt-cv-content\">Enid Nemy, \"Women Begin to Speak Out Against Sexual Harassemnt at Work,\" New York Times, August 19, 1975 ...<br \/><div class=\"pt-cv-rmwrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapters\/chapter-1\/from-the-archives\/\" class=\"_self pt-cv-readmore btn btn-success\" target=\"_self\">Read More<\/a><\/div><\/div>\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"panel panel-default pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col\" >\r\n<div class=\"panel-heading pt-cv-title\">\r\n    <a class=\"panel-title\" data-toggle=\"cvcollapse\" data-parent=\"#9a180279jz\" data-target=\"#1e98940p90\" href='https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapters\/chapter-1\/alliance-against-sexual-coercion-sexual-harassment-at-the-workplace-1977\/' onclick='event.preventDefault()'>\r\n\t\tAlliance Against Sexual Coercion, Sexual Harassment at the Workplace (1977)\t<\/a>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"1e98940p90\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \">\r\n\t<div class=\"panel-body\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"pt-cv-content\">This 1977 brochure produced by the Boston-based Alliance Against Sexual Coercion, titled \"Sexual Harassment at the Workplace,\" was an early ...<br \/><div class=\"pt-cv-rmwrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapters\/chapter-1\/alliance-against-sexual-coercion-sexual-harassment-at-the-workplace-1977\/\" class=\"_self pt-cv-readmore btn btn-success\" target=\"_self\">Read More<\/a><\/div><\/div>\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\" pt-cv-pagination-wrapper\"><ul class=\"pt-cv-pagination pt-cv-ajax pagination\" data-totalpages=\"2\" data-currentpage=\"1\" data-sid=\"59d1e06l3j\" data-unid=\"\" data-isblock=\"\" data-postid=\"\"><li class=\"active\"><a href=\"#\">1<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li ><a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/153\/?_page=2\">2<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li ><a class=\" \" href=\"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/153\/?_page=2\">&rsaquo;<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\" class=\"pt-cv-spinner\" alt=\"Loading...\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,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\" \/><div class=\"clear pt-cv-clear-pagination\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-row\"><div class=\"su-column su-column-size-1-2\"><div class=\"su-column-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\"><strong>Historical Scholarship<\/strong><div class=\"pt-cv-wrapper\"><div class=\"pt-cv-view pt-cv-collapsible\" id=\"pt-cv-view-b3f5c02vy7\"><div data-id=\"pt-cv-page-1\" class=\"pt-cv-page\" data-cvc=\"1\"><div class=\"panel-group\" id=\"ecad5857pu\"><div class=\"panel panel-default pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col\" >\r\n<div class=\"panel-heading pt-cv-title\">\r\n    <a class=\"panel-title\" data-toggle=\"cvcollapse\" data-parent=\"#ecad5857pu\" data-target=\"#0dd5458wb5\" href='https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapters\/chapter-1\/the-womens-movement-against-sexual-harassment-cambridge-university-press\/' onclick='event.preventDefault()'>\r\n\t\tThe Women&#8217;s Movement Against Sexual Harassment (Cambridge University Press)\t<\/a>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"0dd5458wb5\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse in\">\r\n\t<div class=\"panel-body\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"pt-cv-content\">The Women's Movement Against Sexual Harassment examines how a diverse grassroots social movement created public policy on sexual harassment in ...<br \/><div class=\"pt-cv-rmwrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapters\/chapter-1\/the-womens-movement-against-sexual-harassment-cambridge-university-press\/\" class=\"_self pt-cv-readmore btn btn-success\" target=\"_self\">Read More<\/a><\/div><\/div>\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"panel panel-default pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col\" >\r\n<div class=\"panel-heading pt-cv-title\">\r\n    <a class=\"panel-title\" data-toggle=\"cvcollapse\" data-parent=\"#ecad5857pu\" data-target=\"#26654bdhn7\" href='https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapters\/chapter-1\/sexual-harassment-in-the-airline-industry-podcast\/' onclick='event.preventDefault()'>\r\n\t\tSexual Harassment in the Airline Industry: Podcast\t<\/a>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"26654bdhn7\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \">\r\n\t<div class=\"panel-body\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"pt-cv-content\">Sexism Takes Flight, Sexting History In the 1960s, the airline industry ramped up its sexualization of stewardesses in order to ...<br \/><div class=\"pt-cv-rmwrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapters\/chapter-1\/sexual-harassment-in-the-airline-industry-podcast\/\" class=\"_self pt-cv-readmore btn btn-success\" target=\"_self\">Read More<\/a><\/div><\/div>\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"panel panel-default pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col\" >\r\n<div class=\"panel-heading pt-cv-title\">\r\n    <a class=\"panel-title\" data-toggle=\"cvcollapse\" data-parent=\"#ecad5857pu\" data-target=\"#184349bpdy\" href='https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapters\/chapter-1\/a-history-of-the-womens-movement-against-sexual-harassment\/' onclick='event.preventDefault()'>\r\n\t\tA History of the Women&#8217;s Movement Against Sexual Harassment\t<\/a>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"184349bpdy\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \">\r\n\t<div class=\"panel-body\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"pt-cv-content\">Carrie N. Baker, The Women's Movement Against Sexual Harassment (Cambridge University Press, 2007). The Women's Movement Against Sexual Harassment examines ...<br \/><div class=\"pt-cv-rmwrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapters\/chapter-1\/a-history-of-the-womens-movement-against-sexual-harassment\/\" class=\"_self pt-cv-readmore btn btn-success\" target=\"_self\">Read More<\/a><\/div><\/div>\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"panel panel-default pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col\" >\r\n<div class=\"panel-heading pt-cv-title\">\r\n    <a class=\"panel-title\" data-toggle=\"cvcollapse\" data-parent=\"#ecad5857pu\" data-target=\"#9c22d55ri5\" href='https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapters\/chapter-1\/constance-backhouse-on-the-alliance-against-sexual-coercion\/' onclick='event.preventDefault()'>\r\n\t\tConstance Backhouse on the Alliance Against Sexual Coercion\t<\/a>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"9c22d55ri5\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \">\r\n\t<div class=\"panel-body\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"pt-cv-content\">Backhouse, Constance, Sexual Harassment: A Feminist Phrase that Transformed the Workplace (2012). Canadian Journal of Women and the Law, 24:2 ...<br \/><div class=\"pt-cv-rmwrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapters\/chapter-1\/constance-backhouse-on-the-alliance-against-sexual-coercion\/\" class=\"_self pt-cv-readmore btn btn-success\" target=\"_self\">Read More<\/a><\/div><\/div>\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"panel panel-default pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col\" >\r\n<div class=\"panel-heading pt-cv-title\">\r\n    <a class=\"panel-title\" data-toggle=\"cvcollapse\" data-parent=\"#ecad5857pu\" data-target=\"#05a7ea6onm\" href='https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapters\/chapter-1\/race-class-and-sexual-harassment-in-the-1970s\/' onclick='event.preventDefault()'>\r\n\t\tRace, Class, and Sexual Harassment in the 1970s\t<\/a>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"05a7ea6onm\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse \">\r\n\t<div class=\"panel-body\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"pt-cv-content\">Carrie N. Baker, \u201cRace, Class, and Sexual Harassment in the 1970s.\u201d Feminist Studies 30, no. 1 (Spring 2004): 7-27.\u00a0 ...<br \/><div class=\"pt-cv-rmwrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapters\/chapter-1\/race-class-and-sexual-harassment-in-the-1970s\/\" class=\"_self pt-cv-readmore btn btn-success\" target=\"_self\">Read More<\/a><\/div><\/div>\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\" pt-cv-pagination-wrapper\"><ul class=\"pt-cv-pagination pt-cv-ajax pagination\" data-totalpages=\"2\" data-currentpage=\"1\" data-sid=\"b3f5c02vy7\" data-unid=\"\" data-isblock=\"\" data-postid=\"\"><li class=\"active\"><a href=\"#\">1<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li ><a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/153\/?_page=2\">2<\/a><\/li>\n\t<li ><a class=\" \" href=\"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/153\/?_page=2\">&rsaquo;<\/a><\/li>\n\t<\/ul><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"15\" height=\"15\" class=\"pt-cv-spinner\" alt=\"Loading...\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,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\" \/><div class=\"clear pt-cv-clear-pagination\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div> <div class=\"su-column su-column-size-1-2\"><div class=\"su-column-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\"><strong>Further Resources<\/strong><div class=\"pt-cv-wrapper\"><div class=\"pt-cv-view pt-cv-collapsible\" id=\"pt-cv-view-eacaaefv0s\"><div data-id=\"pt-cv-page-1\" class=\"pt-cv-page\" data-cvc=\"1\"><div class=\"panel-group\" id=\"019f5a72xv\"><div class=\"panel panel-default pt-cv-content-item pt-cv-1-col\" >\r\n<div class=\"panel-heading pt-cv-title\">\r\n    <a class=\"panel-title\" data-toggle=\"cvcollapse\" data-parent=\"#019f5a72xv\" data-target=\"#01aa170p2z\" href='https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapters\/chapter-1\/new-york-times-retro-report-why-hasnt-sexual-harassment-disappeared\/' onclick='event.preventDefault()'>\r\n\t\tNew York Times Retro Report: &#8220;Why Hasn&#8217;t Sexual Harassment Disappeared?&#8221;\t<\/a>\r\n\t<\/div>\r\n<div id=\"01aa170p2z\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse in\">\r\n\t<div class=\"panel-body\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"pt-cv-content\">This 11-minute documentary gives a short history of sexual harassment ...<br \/><div class=\"pt-cv-rmwrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapters\/chapter-1\/new-york-times-retro-report-why-hasnt-sexual-harassment-disappeared\/\" class=\"_self pt-cv-readmore btn btn-success\" target=\"_self\">Read More<\/a><\/div><\/div>\t<\/div>\r\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><em><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/category\/chapters\/chapter-1\/\">View All for Chapter 1<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/\"><span style=\"color: #333333\">Return to Introduction<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: right\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapter-2\/\"><span style=\"color: #333333\">Next: Chapter 2<\/span><\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Early History and Development of US Sexual Harassment Law Chapter 1 examines activism, theory and legal developments relating to sexual harassment in the 1970s and 1980s.\u00a0 It covers the early interpretation of the 1964 Civil Rights Act and the initial rejection of the notion that Title\u202fVII prohibits sexual harassment. It follows the shifting tide &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/chapter-1\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Chapter 1&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1637,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-153","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/153","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1637"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=153"}],"version-history":[{"count":25,"href":"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/153\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1089,"href":"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/153\/revisions\/1089"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.smith.edu\/sexualharassmentlaw\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=153"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}